Trimethoprim is a widely used antibiotic that primarily treats urinary tract infections (UTIs) but can also be prescribed for other bacterial infections, such as respiratory and ear infections. It works by inhibiting bacterial dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme essential for bacterial DNA synthesis, effectively stopping the bacteria from multiplying.
Trimethoprim is usually taken orally in tablet or liquid form, with dosages and duration of treatment varying based on the severity of the infection and patient factors such as age and kidney function. It is often prescribed as a standalone antibiotic or in combination with sulfamethoxazole (as co-trimoxazole) for broader antibacterial coverage.
Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, skin rashes, and, in rare cases, blood disorders or allergic reactions. Patients with kidney disease, folate deficiency, or those taking certain medications (such as methotrexate or warfarin) should consult their healthcare provider before use. It is not recommended during pregnancy unless advised by a doctor.
To reduce antibiotic resistance, it is essential to complete the full course of trimethoprim as prescribed, even if symptoms improve early. Always follow medical advice and avoid self-medicating.
